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Although your mother could file an I-130 petition for you, that process is approximately 5-6 years for persons born in countries other than Mexico and the Philippines. I note that you would not be eligible for adjustment of status under her petition at the end of the process unless you are also the beneficiary of §245 (I) under which you or your parent would have had to have a labor certification application or visa petition filed by April 30, 2001 and have been physically present in the country as of December 21, 2000. If you win your asylum case, you would be eligible to apply for adjustment of status one year thereafter. I  further note that if you are ultimately able to go through with your mother's case and you have not been placed under removal proceedings or had an order of removal, you may or may not be able to self sponsor yourself financially depending upon what the law looks like in 5-6 years and whether you still hold a work authorization card. Due to the limitations of the Lawyers.com Forums, Alan Lee, Esq.'s (the "Firm") participation in responding to questions posted herein does not constitute legal advice, nor legal representation of the person or entity posting a question. No Attorney/Client relationship is or shall be construed to be created hereby. The information provided herein by the Firm is general, and requires that the poster obtain specific legal advice from an attorney. The poster shall not rely upon the information provided herein as legal advice nor as the basis for making any decisions of legal consequence.  

I think that would be a hard case to make.  You are not being persecuted because of your membership in a particular group.  In this case, every Syrian would face the same consequences as you.  Although it is horrible, it is not considered "persecution" under asylum law if everyone is subject to the same treatment.