Warner Robins, GA Estate Planning Law Firms & Lawyers

If your father owned the car, then the car became part of his probate estate when he died. If he didn't have a Will, then his probate estate assets must first be used to pay any year's support claim, debts, funeral expenses, administrative expenses, and taxes, and the remaining assets (if any) are then to be distributed to his heirs. Your father's heirs would include his spouse, if any, any living children, and any living grandchildren he might have by any child of his who died before he did. A surviving spouse or surviving minor child can make a claim for a year's support from the estate; adult children or other heirs can't. If there is no year's support claim or the claim does not take all of the probate assets, then the probate estate assets that remain after everything has been paid are divided among the heirs, with an equal share (not less than 1/3) for the spouse and an equal share of the rest for each child. If the car loan was not paid off, the lender on that loan would be entitled to the proceeds from the sale of the car until the loan is paid. The loan will have to be paid before any heir could keep the car. If there is insurance that will pay off the loan, then the car may still need to be sold and used to pay other debts before it can be kept by any heir. If there are other assets, like real estate or bank/brokerage accounts, that became part of the probate estate, then someone may need to get appointed as the Administrator of the estate. As part of the administration process, the Administrator would need to gather up the assets, make sure debts, expenses, and taxes are all paid, and then distribute any remaining assets. The Administrator can either sell the car or distribute it as part of this process, by signing the title as Administrator and providing a copy of the Letters of Administration to the buyer or recipient so they can get a new title. If there are no probate assets other than the car (except perhaps for things like clothing and furniture without any significant value and less than $10,000 in any given bank or brokerage account), then the heirs may be able to transfer the car to one of them using an Affidavit of Inheritance along with the title to the car. Please note: just because the car can be transferred this way does not make it exempt from creditor claims, and if an heir takes the car and the estate has more debt than it has assets, the creditors can come after the person who received the car personally, to get back the value of the car. If the original title to the car can't be found, the estate will have to be opened because the replacement title can only be issued to the estate, not to any heir. The replacement title would then be needed to sell or transfer the car to a new owner. You should consult an actual attorney for help in determining the best way to deal with your father's estate.  

First it is important to determine how the property was titled at the time of your grandfather's death. If it was in joint tenancy with your uncle, or your uncle was a Pay on Death beneficiary it would pass to him by operation of law regardless of what the Will says. If the asset was only in your grandfather's name then it would be necessary to go through probate. If it is/went through probate you should receive notice of the petitions, etc. You should probably review the title information available on line for the county where the property is located and determine the ownership status and history. You may want to seek legal counsel to address the specifics of your situation.

I am sorry to hear of your dad's condition and of the possible manipulation by your stepmother.   As for your question, however: you can't prevent your father from changing his Will, even if you think your stepmother is effectively forcing him to follow her wishes rather than his own. What you MAY be able to do includes the following options:   1. If you think he is truly incompetent and that your stepmother is committing physical, emotional, and/or financial abuse with regard to him or neglecting his welfare, then you (or someone else) may be able to seek appointment as his guardian and conservator while he is still living. If a court agrees that he is incapacitated and in need of a guardian or conservator, then the appointment of that person can help make sure that he is being care for appropriately and that his assets are being used for his benefit and not wasted, stolen, or used inappropriately.   2. If he dies and you do not believe that any Will that is offered for probate for his estate is not a valid expression of his wishes (because someone exercised undue influence over him, the Will was not correctly executed, or because he did not have the level of competency necessary to make the Will), then you can try to challenge the Will. It's more difficult to do, but you might also be able to challenge beneficiary designations, trusts, or rights of survivorship that result in your dad's assets being transferred to others outside of his Will if you think that those were created under circumstances that make them invalid.   Either of these options means that you need to hire an attorney who does fiduciary litigation and handles contested guardianships/conservatorships or contested estates. You should likely assume that there will be an expensive, lengthy legal battle, and you should not assume that there will be any financial reward in it for you. However, if you are really concerned about your father's welfare, then you should look into option 1 and perhaps pursue it- that's the best way to protect him while he is still living, and it may also help ensure that his eventual post-death wishes come to pass.   Best wishes to you and your famiily.