| JURY INSTRUCTIONS ON ELEMENTS OF AN OFFENSE |
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| The prosecution has the burden of proving all the elements of an offense with which a defendant is being charged. In accordance with this burden of proof, a trial court is required to specifically instruct a jury on all the elements of the offense. A jury instruction is defective if it fails to set forth all the elements of the offense. More... |
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| WAIVER OF APPEAL |
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| A defendant is entitled to waive his or her right to appeal his or her conviction by a trial court. However, the waiver must be knowingly and intelligently made by the defendant. The waiver may only be made after the defendant's right to appeal has accrued.
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| Overview of Prison Offenses |
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| Even after a defendant has been convicted and sentenced to a prison term, he may be charged, convicted, and sentenced again for any offenses committed while in prison. A prison is defined as a correctional or detention facility. Although states vary on the types of chargeable prison offenses, there are some general offenses both under numerous state laws and federal law.More... |
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| CHALLENGING JURISDICTION |
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| Jurisdiction is a court's power to hear and to decide cases. There are two types of jurisdiction. They are subject-matter jurisdiction and personal jurisdiction. Subject-matter jurisdiction is the power of a particular court to hear and to decide certain types of cases. Personal jurisdiction is the power that a court exercises over a particular person. More... |
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| Wiretaps and Electronic Surveillance Devices |
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| Under the United States Code wiretaps are permitted after a proper application has been made for their usage. A wiretap is defined as a form of electronic surveillance whereupon law enforcement officers listen to phone conversations or other communications of certain individuals. States have enacted their own statutes that cover the procedures and issuance of permits to conduct a wiretap.More... |
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